Autoimmune Disease

Autoimmune diseases (AID) are a major group of diseases in which the body's immune system responds to its own antigens for a variety of reasons, forming auto-antibodies or sensitized lymphocytes, which then attack target tissues or organs when the immune system is abnormal, causing damage to its own tissues. The main mechanism is an abnormal immune response and immunoregulation. Cytokines are small molecule peptides or glycoproteins secreted by a variety of cells that play a vital role in the development, differentiation, and functional regulation of immune cells. The self-regulatory network of the body's immune function system depends on a balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. When the balance is disturbed, autoimmune phenomena and AID arise. Therefore, in recent years, cytokines have received more and more attention in the study of the AID mechanism.

Figure 1. Summary of the immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive effects of IL-2. (O'Shea J J, et al., 2002)

AID & Cytokines

• IL-1 β

IL-1 β acts as a defense against infection and injury, causing acute phase reactions in small amounts and fever in large amounts. In addition to this, IL-1 β promotes the activation, assimilation, secretion, and bone resorption of cytokines and other acute-phase proteins.

• IL-2

IL-2 is mainly produced by activated T-lymphocytes and its biological function is to stimulate T-cell proliferation, development, and differentiation. Several clinical trials have shown that low doses of IL-2 can increase the number of regulatory T (Treg) cells and improve disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

• IL-6

IL-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by activated monocytes with the primary function of inducing and maintaining an immune-inflammatory response. Studies have shown that IL-6 is highly expressed in many inflammatory AIDs leading to Crohn's disease (CD) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

• IL-8

IL-8 is an inflammatory cytokine with chemotactic effects, and its expression level is significantly elevated in autoimmune liver disease (AILD). By binding to its corresponding receptor, it exerts pro-inflammatory cell chemotaxis, pro-angiogenesis, and pro-fibrosis, and induces cell proliferation.

• IL-10

IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine with immunoregulatory and inhibitory effects in the process of inflammation. Tests have shown that impairment of the IL-10 signaling pathway is closely related to the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and SLE.

• TNF-α

TNF-α functions as a key cytokine in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and TNF-α inhibitors have fundamentally altered the therapeutic landscape of RA. Its main functions include inhibiting tumor cell killing, increasing neutrophil phagocytosis, and promoting bone resorption and fibroblast proliferation.

We Provide Multiple Products but not Limited to

• Recombinant Human IL-2 Protein, GMP Grade
• Recombinant Human IL4 protein, GMP Grade
• Recombinant Human IL6 protein, GMP Grade
• Recombinant Human IL10 protein, His-tag, GMP Grade
• Recombinant Human TNF protein, GMP Grade
• Recombinant Human IL-1β protein, His-tag, GMP Grade

Reasons to Choose Us

• Safety guarantee. A strict quality control system ensures that all production processes are in line with GMP requirements, and quality testing of each batch further ensures the safety of the product.
• Abundant choices. A series of high-quality GMP cytokines, as well as personalized GMP protein customization service can meet customers' demands.
• Professional technical support. Our technical team provides comprehensive after-sales service to help customers solve their problems promptly.

Creative BioMart, as a professional supplier of GMP cytokines and customized services, is committed to providing customers with high-quality products for autoimmune disease research. If you are interested in our products or customized services, please feel free to contact us.